Mixed Learning Models and IoT Devices: Effectively Increasing Competence and Training Independent Learning Students in Unnormal Situations
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/joiv.8.4.2553
Abstract
Abnormal situations often occur, such as natural disasters and COVID-19. Educational institutions struggle to regulate learning. The web programming course aims to shape students into website programmers. Independence in learning is needed so that competence is obtained. Students are not enough to rely on learning from the lecturer. This study aims to analyze the combination of the Inquiry-Based Learning model with IoT devices based on Android mobile. As a supporter, an application is built with a mobile programming language. This type of research is quasi-experimental. Calculations using SPSS 23.0. An experimental class learns to use the Inquiry-Based Learning model with IoT devices, and a control class learns with various media. The research subjects were 60 students of Information Management. The study found differences in students' competence and learning independence in those who learned to use the inquiry-based learning model with IoT devices compared to those who studied with various media. The test results showed a higher increase in the experimental class. The experimental class's value is 14.40 for a gain of 7.5. The sig. value is .000, and the average gain is .83. Control class score is 11.87, an increase of 5.1, sig. value is .000, and the average gain is .53. Applying the inquiry-based learning model with IoT devices has also proven to be effective as a model and learning media in abnormal situations and reinforced by the average gain of the experimental class, which is greater than the control class. Future research could use different methods to determine what methods are most effective.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
S. H. Halili, S. Sulaiman, H. Sulaiman, and R. Razak, “Embracing industrial revolution 4.0 in universities,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1088, no. 1, p. 012111, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1088/1/012111.
J. Miranda et al., “The core components of education 4.0 in higher education: Three case studies in engineering education,” Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 93, p. 107278, Jul. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2021.107278.
R. A. Purba, S. Suparno, and M. Giatman, “The optimalization of cosine similarity method in detecting similarity degree of final project by the college students,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 830, no. 3, p. 032003, Apr. 2020, doi:10.1088/1757-899x/830/3/032003.
U. Verawardina and J. Jama, “Philosophy TVET di Era Derupsi Revolusi Industri 4.0 di Indonesia,” Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 104, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.23887/jfi.v1i3.17156.
U. V. Wardina, N. Jalinus, and L. Asnur, “Kurikulum Pendidikan Vokasi pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0,” Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 82, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.33830/jp.v20i1.843.2019.
R. A. Purba and J. Sembiring, “Selection of scholarship recipients by using Promethee method in Polytechnic Unggul LP3M Medan,” 2016 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication (ISemantic), pp. 86–92, Aug. 2016, doi:10.1109/isemantic.2016.7873815.
W. Haryati, M. Kristiawan, and Y. Puspita, “School Principal Strategy in Improving the School Based Management Through the Quality of Education,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Education Universitas PGRI Palembang (INCoEPP 2021), 2021, doi:10.2991/assehr.k.210716.114.
L. Lepp, T. Aaviku, Ä. Leijen, M. Pedaste, and K. Saks, “Teaching during COVID-19: The Decisions Made in Teaching,” Education Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 47, Jan. 2021, doi:10.3390/educsci11020047.
N. Nasution, S. Sarmini, W. Warsono, W. Wasino, and F. Shintasiwi, “Using Coping Strategies of Informal Sector Traders amid COVID-19 in Indonesia for Social Studies Teaching Materials on Realizing SDGs,” J. Soc. Stud. Educ. Res., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 144–174, 2021.
S. Stjernswärd and S. Glasdam, “Solidarity and polarisation regarding COVID-19 and related risks – A thematic analysis of comments from an international survey,” Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 100211, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100211.
A. Brem, E. Viardot, and P. A. Nylund, “Implications of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak for innovation: Which technologies will improve our lives?,” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol. 163, p. 120451, Feb. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120451.
K. I. Loi, W. S. Lei, and F. Lourenço, “Understanding the reactions of government and gaming concessionaires on COVID-19 through the neo-institutional theory – The case of Macao,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 94, p. 102755, Apr. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102755.
Z. Z. A. Thaariq and E. Surahman, “How does educational technology answer challenges? Empirical theoretical studies and public perspectives,” Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 474–482, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.11591/edulearn.v15i3.19598.
R. A. Purba, “Efektivitas Aplikasi UAS Online Dalam Menjaga Mutu Perkuliahan di Masa Pendemi COVID-19,” Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 185, Jul. 2021, doi:10.23887/jptk-undiksha.v18i2.34101.
R. A. Purba, “Combination Learning Models with Technology to Hone Critical Minding Patterns on National Insights,” Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 152–162, Apr. 2022, doi:10.23887/jpp.v55i1.39889.
K. Kitagawa, “Conceptualising ‘Disaster Education,’” Education Sciences, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 233, May 2021, doi:10.3390/educsci11050233.
L. Mohammadinia, D. Khorasani-Zavareh, A. Ebadi, H. Malekafzali, A. Ardalan, and M. Fazel, “Characteristics and components of children’s and adolescents’ resilience in disasters in Iran: a qualitative study,” International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, vol. 13, no. sup1, p. 1479584, Jun. 2018, doi:10.1080/17482631.2018.1479584.
E. M. Vernberg, E. P. Hambrick, B. Cho, and M. L. Hendrickson, “Positive Psychology and Disaster Mental Health: Strategies for Working with Children and Adolescents,” Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 72, no. 12, pp. 1333–1347, Mar. 2016, doi:10.1002/jclp.22289.
M. Kaffenberger, “Modeling the Long-Run Learning Impact of the COVID-19 Learning Shock: Actions to (More Than) Mitigate Loss,” Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), Jun. 2020. doi:10.35489/bsgrise-ri_2020/017.
S. Nuere and L. de Miguel, “The Digital/Technological Connection with COVID-19: An Unprecedented Challenge in University Teaching,” Technology, Knowledge and Learning, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 931–943, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10758-020-09454-6.
A. Budiman, M. Samani, R. Rusijono, W. H. Setyawan, and N. Nurdyansyah, “The Development of Direct-Contextual Learning: A New Model on Higher Education,” International Journal of Higher Education, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 15, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.5430/ijhe.v10n2p15.
N. A. Jogezai, F. A. Baloch, M. Jaffar, T. Shah, G. K. Khilji, and S. Bashir, “Teachers’ attitudes towards social media (SM) use in online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of SM use by teachers and religious scholars during physical distancing,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 4, p. e06781, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06781.
R. A. Purba, J. Sembiring, E. H. Sihombing, and S. Sondang, “Edge image detection combines Laplace operation with convolution technique to produce drawing materials for children,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1402, no. 6, p. 066097, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1402/6/066097.
A. Ambiyar, Ganefri, Suryadimal, N. Jalinus, R. Efendi, and Jeprimansyah, “Development of work based learning (WBL) learning model in heat transfer courses,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1481, no. 1, p. 012113, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012113.
K. Krismadinata, E. Elfizon, and T. Santika, “Developing Interactive Learning Multimedia on Basic Electrical Measurement Course,” Proceedings of the 5th UPI International Conference on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (ICTVET 2018), 2019, doi:10.2991/ictvet-18.2019.69.
K. Krismadinata et al., “Blended Learning as Instructional Model in Vocational Education: Literature Review,” Universal Journal of Educational Research, vol. 8, no. 11B, pp. 5801–5815, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.13189/ujer.2020.082214.
S. Sajidin and A. Ashadi, "How do their 'Group Work' works as an active learning strategy of EFL learning," Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 480–494, 2021. doi: doi:10.21831/cp.v40i2.36234.
N. Sutarni, M. A. Ramdhany, A. Hufad, and E. Kurniawan, “Self-Regulated Learning and Digital Learning Environment: Its’ Effect on Academic Achievement During The Pandemic,” Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 374–388, Jun. 2021, doi:10.21831/cp.v40i2.40718.
R. Haryadi and H. Pujiastuti, “The Science Literacy Capabilities Profile Using Guided Inquiry Learning Models,” Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 81–88, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.21009/1.06109.
M. Nasir, R. Fakhrunnisa, and L. R. Nastiti, "The implementation of project-based learning and guided inquiry to improve science process skills and student cognitive learning outcomes," International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 229–238, 2019.
M. Arifuddin, M. Aslamiah, M. Misbah, and D. Dewantara, “The implementation of guided inquiry model on the subject matter harmonious vibration,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1422, no. 1, p. 012001, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1422/1/012001.
Ž. Gerhátová, P. Perichta, M. Drienovský, and M. Palcut, “Temperature Measurement—Inquiry-Based Learning Activities for Third Graders,” Education Sciences, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 506, Sep. 2021, doi:10.3390/educsci11090506.
B. Bai and H. Song, “21st century skills development through inquiry-based learning from theory to practice,” Asia Pacific Journal of Education, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 584–586, Mar. 2018, doi:10.1080/02188791.2018.1452348.
M. Risma and Yulkifli, “Preliminary study of development of physics e-module using smartphone-assisted inquiry based learning models to support 21st century learning,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1876, no. 1, p. 012044, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1876/1/012044.
O. David and V. Nsengimana, “Supporting Tanzanian Students’ Academic Language Proficiency by Inquiry-based learning of Invertebrate Systematic,” African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 113–124, May 2021, doi: 10.1080/18117295.2021.1973713.
F. Sarnita, A. Irawan, S. Prayogi, and M. Asy’ari, “The effectiveness of guided inquiry learning tools in increasing students’ activities and creative thinking skills,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1816, no. 1, p. 012102, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1816/1/012102.
E. Susantini, R. P. Puspitawati, Raharjo, and H. L. Suaidah, “E-book of metacognitive learning strategies: design and implementation to activate student’s self-regulation,” Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, vol. 16, no. 1, May 2021, doi: 10.1186/s41039-021-00161-z.
S. Zaheer, S. M. Butt, G. V. Anatolyevna, and H. Salmani, “Do Mobile Technology in the Classroom Really Improve Learning Outcomes?,” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), vol. 7, no. 3, p. 188, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v7i3.13426.
B. A. Dharma, M. N. Santi, L. N. Istanti, and M. Churiyah, “Whether Android-Based Learning Media Actually Improve Learning Outcomes?,” Proceedings of the Sixth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA 2020), 2021, doi:10.2991/aebmr.k.210616.040.
K. W. A. Siahaan, Hisar Marulitua Manurung, and Mungkap Mangapul Siahaan, “Android-Based Learning Media Development Strategies During Pandemic Times To Improve Student Science Literature,” International Journal of Education and Humanities, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 34–42, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.58557/ijeh.v1i1.4.
M. M. E. I. Bali, C. Muali, H. Baharun, D. Ferdianto, and M. S. Al-Farisi, “Design Seamless Learning Environment in Higher Education with Mobile Device,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1899, no. 1, p. 012175, May 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1899/1/012175.
W. F. Lok and M. Hamzah, “Student experience of using mobile devices for learning chemistry,” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), vol. 10, no. 3, p. 893, Sep. 2021, doi:10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21420.
Z. Hakami, “Comparison between Virtual and Traditional Learning Methods for Orthodontic Knowledge and Skills in Dental Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study,” Healthcare, vol. 9, no. 9, p. 1092, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.3390/healthcare9091092.
S. Wee, C. Choi, and J. Jeong, “Blind Interleaver Parameters Estimation Using Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 10, p. 3458, May 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21103458.
D. Machiwal, B. S. Parmar, S. Kumar, H. M. Meena, and B. S. Deora, “Evaluating homogeneity of monsoon rainfall in Saraswati River basin of Gujarat, India,” Journal of Earth System Science, vol. 130, no. 3, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s12040-021-01671-6.
Z. Ali and Sb. Bhaskar, “Basic statistical tools in research and data analysis,” Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, vol. 60, no. 9, p. 662, 2016, doi:10.4103/0019-5049.190623.
A. R. Henderson, “The bootstrap: A technique for data-driven statistics. Using computer-intensive analyses to explore experimental data,” Clinica Chimica Acta, vol. 359, no. 1–2, pp. 1–26, Sep. 2005, doi:10.1016/j.cccn.2005.04.002.
K. Saeedi and A. Visvizi, “Software Development Methodologies, HEIs, and the Digital Economy,” Education Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 73, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.3390/educsci11020073.
C. Chen, H. Hung, and H. Yeh, “Virtual reality in problem‐based learning contexts: Effects on the problem‐solving performance, vocabulary acquisition and motivation of English language learners,” Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 851–860, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1111/jcal.12528.
L. A. Putri, A. Permanasari, N. Winarno, and N. J. Ahmad, “Enhancing Students’ Scientific Literacy Using Virtual Lab Activity with Inquiry-Based Learning.,” J. Sci. Learn., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 173–184, 2021.
I. Goksu, “Bibliometric mapping of mobile learning,” Telematics and Informatics, vol. 56, p. 101491, Jan. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.tele.2020.101491.
M. R. Abd Samad, Z. H. Ihsan, and F. Khalid, “The Use Of Mobile Learning In Teaching And Learning Session During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Malaysia,” J. Contemp. Soc. Sci. Educ. Stud. (JOCSSES), vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 46–65, 2021.
K. D. Parry, J. Richards, and C. McAuliffe, “Real-Time, Real World Learning—Capitalising on Mobile Technology,” Applied Pedagogies for Higher Education, pp. 371–393, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-46951-1_16.
M. Lombard and K. Xu, “Social Responses to Media Technologies in the 21st Century: The Media are Social Actors Paradigm,” Human-Machine Communication, vol. 2, pp. 29–55, 2021, doi:10.30658/hmc.2.2.
V. S. Andrini, “The Effectiveness of Inquiry Learning Method to Enhance Students’ Learning Outcome: A Theoretical and Empirical Review.,” J. Educ. Pract., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 38–42, 2016.
K. Osman and E. Suryawati, “Contextual Learning: Innovative Approach towards the Development of Students’ Scientific Attitude and Natural Science Performance,” EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 14, no. 1, Oct. 2017, doi:10.12973/ejmste/79329.
N. Entwistle, V. McCune, and P. Walker, “Conceptions, Styles, and Approaches Within Higher Education: Analytic Abstractions and Everyday Experience,” Perspectives on Thinking, Learning, and Cognitive Styles, pp. 103–136, Apr. 2014, doi:10.4324/9781410605986-5.
R. A. Purba, S. Samsir, M. Siddik, S. Sondang, and M. F. Nasir, “The optimalization of backpropagation neural networks to simplify decision making,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 830, no. 2, p. 022091, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/830/2/022091.
F. Mayar, F. W. Putra, F. A. Monia, S. O. Kosassy, R. P. Fadli, and R. Arinalhaq, “Project-Based Learning Model Development Using Flipped Classroom for Drawing Learning in College,” JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 2415, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.30630/joiv.7.4.02227.
T. O. Pakhomova, O. S. Komova, V. V. Belia, Y. V. Yivzhenko, and E. V. Demidko, “Transformation of the pedagogical process in higher education during the quarantine,” Linguistics and Culture Review, vol. 5, no. S2, pp. 215–230, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.21744/lingcure.v5ns2.1341.
D. Petko, “Teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and their use of digital media in classrooms: Sharpening the focus of the ‘will, skill, tool’ model and integrating teachers’ constructivist orientations,” Computers & Education, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1351–1359, May 2012, doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.013.
D. Van Vo and B. Csapó, “Development of scientific reasoning test measuring control of variables strategy in physics for high school students: evidence of validity and latent predictors of item difficulty,” International Journal of Science Education, vol. 43, no. 13, pp. 2185–2205, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1080/09500693.2021.1957515.
A. S. Al-Adwan, N. A. Albelbisi, O. Hujran, W. M. Al-Rahmi, and A. Alkhalifah, “Developing a Holistic Success Model for Sustainable E-Learning: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 16, p. 9453, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13169453.
M. L. Bernacki, L. Vosicka, J. C. Utz, and C. B. Warren, “Effects of digital learning skill training on the academic performance of undergraduates in science and mathematics.,” Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 113, no. 6, pp. 1107–1125, Aug. 2021, doi:10.1037/edu0000485.
M. T. Geier, “Students’ Expectations and Students’ Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Excellent Teacher Behaviors,” Teaching of Psychology, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 9–17, Sep. 2020, doi:10.1177/0098628320959923.
E. Lacka, T. C. Wong, and M. Y. Haddoud, “Can digital technologies improve students’ efficiency? Exploring the role of Virtual Learning Environment and Social Media use in Higher Education,” Computers & Education, vol. 163, p. 104099, Apr. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2020.104099.
D. D. Christian, D. L. McCarty, and C. L. Brown, “Experiential Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Reflective Process,” Journal of Constructivist Psychology, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 264–277, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1080/10720537.2020.1813666.
C. Giovannella, “Effect Induced by the Covid-19 Pandemic on Students’ Perception About Technologies and Distance Learning,” Ludic, Co-design and Tools Supporting Smart Learning Ecosystems and Smart Education, pp. 105–116, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-7383-5_9.