Analysis of Resilience of Education System in Higher Education Due to Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Ida Bagus Ketut Widiartha - University of Mataram, Indonesia, Mataram, Indonesia
Jun-seok Hwang - Seoul National University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Hyoen-yeong Yoon - Seoul National University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Oktariani Nurul Pratiwi - Telkom University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia


Citation Format:



DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.7.2.1814

Abstract


This study discusses learning strategies resilience that can be used to improve learning outcomes during the current pandemic circumstances, which have limitations in face-to-face learning. Online learning has many limitations compared to offline one. However, it must keep running because one of the strategies against the SAR-Cov2 virus is to inhibit its spread by limiting direct contact with other people. The literature review is carried out with a protocol involving text mining tools to find the most widely used keywords and their relationships, which is then carried out by a snowball literature review to deepen these keywords. There are several findings from this study, namely (1) Three critical components that play a significant role in improving learning outcomes in the distance learning method, namely the role of students, lectures, and technology. (2) A framework must ensure that the other three components perform their functions properly and provide an effective learning environment. (3) Reward and punishment play a vital role in ensuring the framework is implemented as it should be. Integrating an effective learning environment with remuneration programs and teaching grants will encourage improvements in the learning process and increase the number of positive contents on the Internet. This learning environment can also be a model that supports independent learning activities - an independent campus, the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia's flagship program, and digital commercialization in the educational sphere.


Keywords


Online learning; technology; effective learning environment; framework; learning outcomes; roles; reward and punishment; resilience.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Charizze Abulencia, “Why is education important and how does it affect one’s future?,†World Vision, Oct. 13, 2021. https://www.worldvision.ca/stories/education/why-is-education-important

United Nation, “Quality Education,†SDG Resources Across the UN, Apr. 2020. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/education/ (accessed Jan. 27, 2022).

United Nation, “Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on children.†United Nation, Apr. 15, 2020. Accessed: Jan. 27, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_children_16_april_2020.pdf

UNESCO, “More on UNESCO’s COVID-19 Education Response,†Distance Learning Solution, 2021. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse/solutions (accessed Jan. 27, 2022).

Dr. M. de Oliveira Dias, Dr. R. de O. Albergarias Lopes, and A. C. Teles, “Will Virtual Replace Classroom Teaching? Lessons from Virtual Classes via Zoom in the Times of COVID-19,†JAEP, vol. 04, no. 05, pp. 208–213, May 2020, doi: 10.36348/jaep.2020.v04i05.004.

J. Judrups, “Analysis of Knowledge Management and E-Learning Integration Models,†Procedia Computer Science, vol. 43, pp. 154–162, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2014.12.021.

H. Perraton, “A theory for distance education,†Prospects, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 13–24, Mar. 1988, doi: 10.1007/BF02254290.

D. Zhang, “Interactive Multimedia-Based E-Learning: A Study of Effectiveness,†American Journal of Distance Education, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 149–162, Sep. 2005, doi: 10.1207/s15389286ajde1903_3.

H. Baber, “Determinants of Students’ Perceived Learning Outcome and Satisfaction in Online Learning during the Pandemic of COVID19,†Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 285–292, 2020, doi: 10.20448/journal.509.2020.73.285.292.

L. Vermeulen and H. G. Schmidt, “Learning environment, learning process, academic outcomes and career success of university graduates,†Studies in Higher Education, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 431–451, Aug. 2008, doi: 10.1080/03075070802211810.

C. A. Schlosser, M. L. Anderson, and Iowa Distance Education Alliance, Distance education: review of the literature. Washington, DC: Association for Educational Communications and Technology, 1994.

WGU, “What is the behavioral learning theory?,†Teaching and Education, May 29, 2020. https://www.wgu.edu/blog/what-behavioral-learning-theory2005.html#close (accessed Jul. 25, 2021).

D. W. Moore, “Book Review,†Journal of Reading Behavior, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 87–93, Sep. 1983, doi: 10.1080/10862968309547491.

Bri Stauffer, “What’s the Difference Between Online Learning and Distance Learning?,†Online learning Vs Distance Learning. Applied Education System, Apr. 02, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.aeseducation.com/blog/online-learning-vs-distance-learning

Kendra Cherry, “The Incentive Theory of Motivation,†verywellmind, Mar. 04, 2020. https://www.verywellmind.com/the-incentive-theory-of-motivation-2795382 (accessed Jul. 26, 2021).

I. Nonaka and H. Takeuchi, The knowledge-creating company: how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

J. Gong, T. X. Liu, and J. Tang, “How monetary incentives improve outcomes in MOOCs: Evidence from a field experiment,†Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol. 190, pp. 905–921, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jebo.2021.06.029.

Richard M. Ryan and Edward L. Deci, “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being,†Jan. 2000, [Online]. doi 10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.68

Richard E. Mayer, “Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning,†in The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, Cambridge, 2014.

Tingting Lu, M.A, “EFFECTS OF MULTIMEDIA ON MOTIVATION, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF PRIOR KNOWLEDGE AND TASK CONSTRAINTS,†School of The Ohio State University, 2008.

R. Yeh and L. Zoeckler, “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ONLINE VIDEO AND BLOG CONTENT IN MARKETING CASE STUDIES FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS’ LEARNING – A THREE-YEAR COMPARISON,†Marketing Education Review, pp. 1–9, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1080/10528008.2021.2015605.

E. Brüggen, M. Wetzels, K. De Ruyter, and N. Schillewaert, “Individual Differences in Motivation to Participate in Online Panels: The Effect on Reponse Rate and Reponse Quality Perceptions,†International Journal of Market Research, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 369–390, May 2011, doi: 10.2501/IJMR-53-3-369-390.

S. Rossini, G. Bulfone, E. Vellone, and R. Alvaro, “Nursing students’ satisfaction with the curriculum: An integrative review,†Journal of Professional Nursing, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 648–661, May 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.02.003.

U. Gneezy, S. Meier, and P. Rey-Biel, “When and Why Incentives (Don’t) Work to Modify Behavior,†Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 191–210, Nov. 2011, doi: 10.1257/jep.25.4.191.

M. Mailizar, A. Almanthari, and S. Maulina, “Examining Teachers’ Behavioral Intention to Use E-learning in Teaching of Mathematics: An Extended TAM Model,†CONT ED TECHNOLOGY, vol. 13, no. 2, p. ep298, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.30935/cedtech/9709.

Desmond Keegan, Theoretical principles of distance education. USA & Canada: Routledge, 1993.

A. Paivio, Mental representations: a dual coding approach. Oxford New York Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1990.

A. D. Baddeley, Human memory: theory and practice, Rev. ed., Reprinted. Hove: Psychology Press, 2005.

John Sweller, “Visualisation and Instructional Design,†Australian Educational Review, 1999, [Online]. Available: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=BE2B0530BB5B396C391E0C33EA681749?doi=10.1.1.576.6714&rep=rep1&type=pdf

C. B. Ferster and B. F. Skinner, Schedules of reinforcement. East Norwalk: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1957. doi: 10.1037/10627-000.

W. D. Pierce and C. D. Cheney, Behavior analysis and learning: a biobehavioral approach, Sixth edition. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

Mohamad Nasir, Regulation of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia concerning the Provision of Lecturer Professional Allowances and Professor Honorary Allowances. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://lldikti8.ristekdikti.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Permenristekdikti-20-2017-PEMBERIAN-TUNJANGAN-PROFESI-DOSEN-TUNJANGAN-KEHORMATAN-PROFESOR.pdf

Rector of The University of Mataram, Decree of the rector of the University of Mataram concerning the Implementation of Remuneration at the Public Service Agency of the University of Mataram. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.scribd.com/document/444379897/KEPUTUSAN-REKTOR-tentang-PEDOMAN-REMUNERASI-2018-pdf