ON INFORMATICS VISUALIZATION Smart Campus Governance Design for XYZ Polytechnic Based on COBIT 2019

— Technological developments drive growth in the industrial revolution and digital transformation era. Technological developments during the industrial revolution 4.0 affect characteristics, especially in work. In responding to the change in technological developments in employment, the Ministry of Public Works has the task of conducting public works affairs in the government environment in an orderly manner to support the president in administering state government. XYZ Polytechnic is a state university as a new pilot under the Ministry of Public Works, Republic of Indonesia. As a basis for future development as well as towards a smart campus and then getting policy directions for the development of smart campus governance at the XYZ Polytechnic, it is necessary to design IT governance, especially in the reconstruction of adaptive and responsive policies and the development of structured governance with structured information systems. This study uses COBIT 2019 as the framework for governance design. With the method from the field preparation stage, interviews then assessed and evaluated existing policies and conditions of field activities to create governance designs according to COBIT 2019. The research results contained a technology governance management design with 17 processes. Based on the capability assessment and gap analysis results, recommendations were made for XYZ Polytechnic, as discussed in the results section. The suggestions are in the form of recommendations related to people, processes, and the use of technology. The recommendations act as evaluation material to improve organizational performance by providing good smart campus governance to students and internal members of XYZ Polytechnic.


I. INTRODUCTION
Technological developments in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era affect the characteristics in the world of work. Where between the skills and competencies possessed must be considered? The challenges of the revolution itself must be answered quickly and accurately by all parties involved [1]. XYZ Polytechnic is a new pilot state university under one of the ministries in Republic Indonesia, led by a director who reports to the Minister through the Head of the Human Resources Development Agency (BPSDM). The current condition of XYZ Polytechnic is how to encourage growth in the era of the industrial revolution and digital transformation, especially in the reconstruction of adaptive and responsive policies and development of structured governance with a structured information system so that XYZ Polytechnic can implement it.
There is a need for planning to develop policy and smart campus governance. As a basis for action in XYZ Polytechnic, it is necessary to obtain a Smart Campus development policy direction with that essential element that must be a concern in this research regarding smart campus governance. Reconstruction in the form of governance at the policy, organizational, and operational levels of organizations adapting and responding to the industrial revolution 4.0 in developing the required trans-disciplines and study programs are needed.
By utilizing information technology to improve the quality of services in the organization to meet business needs, especially in the field of governance, the organization can adapt to existing advances. The evaluation determines how the organization implements information technology in almost all business processes, applications, information systems, networks, hardware, data/information, and infrastructure to improve information technology services at XYZ Polytechnic.
In supporting the activities of the smart solution for the campus, it has three enablers that must be interrelated, namely the human, process, and technology dimensions. The three dimensions are as follows:  The human resource dimension acts as an academic community or activity driver in a smart campus.  The process dimension supports activities in the smart campus, including policy procedures in the organization.  The technology dimension focuses on problems in implementation, such as the existing infrastructure in the organization. Several standard models of information technology governance are widely recognized to determine the extent to which information technology governance is sound. Some of them are The IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL), Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT), and ISO/IEC 27001 [2]. These standards ensure that the purpose of implementing information technology in an organization is under the expected goals and avoids risks. Of the three standard information technology governance models, the chosen framework is COBIT. COBIT has components to build and manage information technology systems such as processes, organizational structures, policies and procedures, information flow, culture and behavior, skills, and infrastructure [3]. COBIT determines the design factors that the organization should consider building the most suitable information technology governance system and address the issues by grouping the relevant components into governance and management and then defining all the elements that describe which decisions should be taken and how. In 2018 The Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) released the latest series, COBIT 2019. Several new settings, such as using design factors, allow COBIT to adopt better alignment with particular contexts [4]. Various frameworks can be used as guidelines to create information technology governance. One of the frameworks used is the Control Objective for information and related technology, commonly known as COBIT [5]. COBIT is an internationally recognized and applied best practice regarding information, information technology, and organizational risks [6].
This study aims to find a design for information technology governance systems using COBIT 2019. The method used by researchers is from the observation preparation stage, interviews. It then assesses and evaluates existing policies and conditions of field activities to design governance designs according to COBIT 2019 [7]- [9]. The final results in this study include evaluation results of several governance and management objectives as guidelines in implementing procedures within the XYZ Polytechnic [10]. The governance system design obtained will be adjusted to the design factors of COBIT 2019.
Previous research in developing governance using COBIT 2019 has been carried out as follows:  Information technology governance during a pandemic also has a major influence on the implementation of teaching and learning activities in universities to ensure the quality of the learning and teaching process carried out so that it must be known the shortcomings and advantages of governance which is carried out by conducting further analysis of technology governance under the initial goal of education at the university. [11]  In carrying out its functions and duties, a good governance system is needed so that the achievements in the information technology field follow ITK's strategy and business context. Information technology governance systems must be managed and appropriately implemented to support business process activities in IT. The study results recommendations from the core model or process and the priority and capability levels that must be implemented [12].  The expected information technology management can be fulfilled and carried out well because the value between the average level when the research was conducted compared to the recommended level shows a gap that is not too large. [13].  Appropriate information technology governance will help organizations to be able to compete with other competitors; therefore, the application of technology governance using the COBIT 2019 framework will significantly influence the company's goals [14].  In response to the demands of information technology developments, KAN calls on calibration laboratory organizations to develop information technology and its management using COBIT 2019 [15]. Assessment of process capability level and COBIT 2019 based on COBIT on several objects as follows: higher education [17], at University XYZ [18], PT XYZ [19], Hotel XYZ [20], XYZ Hospital [21], Government Unit [22], and University Muria [23] also used as references for this research.

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research method used in designing the IT governance system refers to phases from the 2019 COBIT governance design workflow. It can be seen in Fig. 1 below The first phase is Preparation Stage (Directions, Principles). This stage involves interviews with stakeholders and observations to understand the initial steps in designing IT governance. The actions taken are to identify the strategies of the XYZ Polytechnic. This phase or stage is the basis for understanding and determining organizational strategy, goals, and information technology issues based on the 2019 COBIT design factors criteria. After the first stage, the next phase is the Assessment of Current Governance Condition. This phase or stage conducts interviews and observations with stakeholders to collect data on determining the scope of the governance design system aspects from COBIT 2019 design factor 1 to design factor 10. The final phase or stage is Smart Campus Governance Design to find an IT governance design Preparation (Directive, Principles)

Gap Analysis Recommendation
system that fits the organization's IT needs, resulting in several possible improvements to the governance system and acquiring a score for each process on a scale of -100 to 100 for the design to be concluded. The activities in the selected domain process are assessed after the relevant governance design is done. The purpose of the evaluation is to find out the current capability and the gaps that must be filled to help solve the problems at XYZ Polytechnic. The provisions of the assessment score from the assessment capability have several criteria that must be considered for filling out the assessment. The assessment criteria are mentioned in Table 1 below. Rating is obtained after carrying out a series of assessment activities according to the criteria in the table above. It is used as a parameter whether the activities in the domain of governance design results have met the requirements for the 2019 COBIT framework or not. The process activity rating can be seen in Table 2.

Level Achievement Description
Fully 85%-100% Evidence of attainment of attributes is found to be exhaustive in assessing processes such as approaches systematically and full achievement Largely 50%-85% Evidence of attribute achievement is found primarily in assessing processes such as systematic approach and significant achievement Partially 15%-50% Evidence of attainment of attributes was found in some of the assessing processes, such as approaches or unpredictable achievements Evidence of attainment of the attributes found in assessing processes is scant or non-existent This study uses the process capability level of COBIT 2019. The assessment of the process capability level can be determined through the process activity rating obtained. If the activity rating is met (Fully), it can proceed to the next activity assessment stage with a higher level of process capability. Suppose the full activity rating is not met (Largely, Partially, Not), the next activity assessment stage cannot proceed. It stops at the process capability level whose activity rating is not met. The following explains the process capability levels and the characteristics of each group.

Level
Characteristics 5 The process of achieving its goals is well defined, performance is measured to improve performance, and the organization should make continuous improvements. 4 The process achieves its objectives, well-defined, and measured performance (quantitatively). 3 Process of achieving its goals in a much more organized manner using the assets of the XYZ Polytechnic.
Procedures are usually well defined. 2 The process of achieving organizational goals is to execute a basic but comprehensive set of activities that can be described as completed. 1 Process more or less achieves its goals by implementing an incomplete set of activities characterized as early or not very organized. 0 • Lack of basic skills • Incomplete approach to addressing governance and management objectives • It does not meet the intent of any process practice The Calculation of assessment capability using a predetermined assessment to calculate in the evaluation of the data in the Questionnaire so that you get a process activity rating based on the COBIT 2019 Introduction and Methodology can be seen in the formula below.
Description: A = The first activity is per the capability level in management practice. b = The second activity is per the capability level in management practice. i = The following action is per the capability level in management practice. y = The number of moves per the management practice's capability level.
If the value of 15% of the result is not, the assessment stops at that capability level. If the value of 50% of the results obtained is Partial, the assessment stops at that capability level. If the value is 85%, the result obtained is Large, and the assessment stops at that capability level. If the value is 85%, the result obtained is Full, which means that the assessment stops at that capability level The analysis is carried out to determine the potential for development per the findings of the current gap at the XYZ Polytechnic. Development potential is determined based on three aspects: people, process, and technology, as recommendations for improvement. The following is an analysis of the potential for development at XYZ Polytechnic.

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The first phase, Preparation Stage (Directions, Principles), results in XYZ Polytechnic's strategy focusing on several stakeholders such as students and lecturers. The vision of XYZ Polytechnic is to create an excellent Polytechnic with student outputs that are competent, professional, highly competitive, and ready to work. Content of technology currently being faced is how to make a Polytechnic by relying on technology such as future developments and in the context of an innovative campus. For the second phase, the Assessment of Current Governance Condition result can be derived from several design factors as follow:

A. Corporate Strategy
After analysis, Enterprise Strategy at XYZ Polytechnic's highest score of 5 is in Service Client, meaning that XYZ Polytechnic is very concerned about services to educators and students. It can be seen in Fig. 2.

B. Company Goal
Achieving organizational goals or targets can be determined by preparing strategies to achieve these goals. The XYZ Polytechnic case study focuses mainly on EG5 customer-oriented service because it describes a customeroriented service culture. The organizational objectives of XYZ Polytechnic can be seen in Fig. 3.

C. Risk Profile
To identify and know the types of risks facing the organization today. In the case study of XYZ Polytechnic, the high-risk profile is at a value of 12, which relates to IT needs, data, and potential changes that occur at XYZ Polytechnic. It can be seen in Fig. 4.

D. Current IT-Related Issues
In assessing I&T risk, one must consider the organization's IT-related issues today. In the case study of XYZ Polytechnic, the average IT-related problem is 2, meaning that it becomes an issue that XYZ Polytechnic must consider and respond responsively to the issues. It can be seen in Fig. 5.

E. Threat Landscape
After analyzing the threat landscape to the XYZ Polytechnic operationally, the resulting threat landscape graph at the XYZ Polytechnic is normal because all the threats can be handled by themselves and do not need specific threat treatment. Can be seen in Fig. 6.

F. Compliance Needs
Analysis of compliance requirements as an organizational basis that can be classified, resulting in a graph of compliance needs, can be seen in Fig. 7.

G. The Role of IT
After analyzing the role of IT in the organization, a role design for IT is produced. IT at XYZ Polytechnic has a strategic role in creating the smart campus vision. It can be seen in Fig. 8.

H. Sourcing Model for IT
After analyzing the source model of IT in the organization, the outsourcing section has a value of 50%. The insourced part has a value of 30%. The cloud portion has a value of 20%, so the resulting source model design from IT can be seen in Fig. 9.

I. IT Implementation Method
Analysis of the IT implementation method applied by the XYZ Polytechnic is known by using Agile Development and Waterfall (classic), resulting in a design factor for the IT implementation method that can be seen in Fig. 10.

J. Technology Adoption Strategy
The strategy on the part of the followers has a value of 75%. The first mover part has a value of 15%, and the slow adapter section has a value of 10%. Based on the analysis, the Technology Adoption Strategy in the XYZ Polytechnic case study can be seen in Fig. 11. The final phase of the Smart Campus Governance Design result combines all the input information collected from evaluating previous 10-factor designs to produce a governance design scope. Core models with a value of 35 or more include EDM02, EDM04, APO08, APO11, APO13, BAI01, BAI02, BAI03, BAI04, BAI05, BAI06, BAI07, BAI08, BAI10, BAI11, DSS03, and DSS06. The results of the governance design in the XYZ Polytechnic case study can be seen in Fig. 12. The capability assessment analysis results of management objectives example for DSS domain are shown in Table 5.

M. Result of Potential Improvement
Analysis to determine potential improvement from the current GAP at XYZ Polytechnic. They were done based on three aspects: people, process, and technology, as recommendations for improvement. Examples of domain DSS03 (Managed Problems) are shown in Table 7.

N. Recommendation Result
The initiative develops from the potential improvement for the actual implementation by XYZ Polytechnic. Examples of Domain DSS03 (Managed Problems) are shown in Table 8.

IV. CONCLUSION
Based on the main problems, XYZ Polytechnic encourages digital transformation, especially in reconstructing adaptive and responsive policies and developing structured governance with information systems using COBIT 2019 as the solution offered to produce a governance design for XYZ Polytechnic guidelines. After doing the research, the creation of the governance system for XYZ Polytechnic is as follows: Two governance and management objectives must improve to capability level 2, EDM02 and DSS06. Eight governance and management objectives need to improve to capability level 3. The objectives are EDM04, APO08, APO11, APO13, BAI01, BAI05, BAI10, and BAI11. Seven governance and management objectives need to improve to capability level 4.
Based on the capability assessment and gap analysis results, recommendations were made for XYZ Polytechnic, as discussed in the previous section. The recommendations act as evaluation material to improve organizational performance by providing good smart campus governance services to students and internal members of XYZ Polytechnic.