A Design and Application of Software Liberal Arts Course based on CT-CPS Model for Developing Creative Problem-Solving Ability and Learning Motivation of Non-software Majors

Hee Jung Park - Department of Computer Education, Andong National University, Republic of Korea
Yong Ju Jeon - Department of Computer Education, Andong National University, Republic of Korea


Citation Format:



DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.2.996

Abstract


As the importance of computing education for nurturing computational thinking skills is emphasized in preparation for the era of the 4th industrial revolution, computing education for non-majors is also expanding in liberal arts education at universities. In this study, a software liberal arts course based on the CT-CPS model was designed and applied to non-software majored university students, and the effect on creative problem-solving ability and learning motivation were analyzed. The CT-CPS (computational thinking-based creative problem solving) model is an instructional model devised by fusing each element of computational thinking ability to the creative problem-solving stages. Creative problem-solving ability test paper and learning motivation test paper were used as test tools. Moreover, quantitative analysis through independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test and qualitative analysis through subjective responses were conducted. As a result of the study, it was verified that the software class applied with the CT-CPS model had a statistically significant effect on the creative problem-solving ability and learning motivation of non-software majors. In particular, compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant changes in the motivational elements among the sub-factors of creative problem-solving ability and the self-efficacy factor among the sub-factors of learning motivation. In addition, it was confirmed through qualitative analysis that the software class to which the CT-CPS model was applied helped develop the problem-solving ability and learning motivation based on computational thinking through the process of discovering and solving problems on their own in real life.


Keywords


Software education; software liberal arts; CT-CPS instructional model; creative problem solving; learning motivation.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ministry of Education, “National Curriculum Revised 2015,†Ministry of Education Notification, No. 2015-74, Sep. 2015.

Ministry of Education, “A Support Plan for the Reinforcement of Software Education of the Teacher Training University in 2019,†Ministry of Education Notification, No. 2019-84, Mar. 2019.

J. M. Wing, “Computational thinking,†Communications of the ACM, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 33–35, Mar. 2006.

W. S. Kim, “A Study on the Students' Perceptions Trend for Software Essentials Subject in University,†Korean Journal of General Education. vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 161–180, Aug. 2019. to be published. DOI : 10.32431/kace.2015.18.3.005.

I. H. Ahn, “Current status and future of coding education,†Media & Education. vol. 6, no 1, pp.76—87, Jun. 2016.

S. H. Kim, “Analysis of Non-Computer Majors’ Difficulties in Computational Thinking Education,†The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education. vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 49–57, May. 2015. to be published. DOI: 10.32431/kace.2015.18.3.005.

G. J. Park and Y. J. Choi, “Exploratory Study on the Direction of Software Education for the Non-major Undergraduate Students,†The Journal of Education & Culture. vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 273–292, Aug. 2018, to be published. DOI: 10.24159/joec.2018.24.4.273.

H. W. Kim, “A Study on the Design and Operation of Liberal Arts College for Improving Creativity of University Students,†The Journal of Creativity Education. vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 91–114, Dec. 2018, to be published. DOI : 10.36358/JCE.2018.18.4.91.

K. H. Lee, E. K. Kim and K. H. Lee, “The Relationships of Creativity, Problem Solving Ability and Motivation in College Students,†The Journal of Creativity Education. vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 125–139, Mar. 2013.

D. I. Park, “Relationships Between Elementary School Students’ Academic Motivation, Metacognition, and Creative Problem-Solving Skills in Creative Problem Solving-Based On and Offline Integrated Learning,†M.S. thesis, Dept. Edu. Eng., Ewha Womans Univ., Seoul, Korea, 2007.

W. S. Han, J. K. Kim and H. K. Lee, “Effects of the ‘Motivation Semester’ Program among University Freshmen: Focused on K-University,†The Journal of the Korea Contents Association. vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 522–530, Mar. 2013, to be published. DOI: 10.5392/JKCA.2013.13.07.522.

E. I. Jeong and Y. H. Park, “Relations among faculty trust, learning motivation, and school adjustment of college students,†Asian Journal of Education. vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 73–93, 2008, to be published. DOI : 10.15753/aje.2008.9.1.004.

H. S. Lee, “Development of a Creativity Program for University Students through the Liberal Educational Approach,†Korean Journal of General Education. vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 333–358, Dec. 2017.

J. Y. Seo and S. H. Shin, “A Case Study on the Effectiveness of Major-friendly Contents in Software Education for the Non-majors,†The Journal of Digital Convergence. vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 55–63, May. 2020, to be published. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2020.18.5.055.

J. E. Nah, “Software Education Needs Analysis in Liberal Arts,†Korean Journal of General Education. vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 63–89, Jun. 2017.

S. W. Jung, H. S. Jang and S. J. Kim, “The Status and Implications of the Basic Liberal Arts Curriculum in Domestic Universities Applying the Standard Model of the Korea National Institute for General Education,†Korean Journal of General Education. vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 83–95, Oct. 2020.

J. S. Sung and H. C. Kim, “Analysis on the International Comparison of Computer Education in Schools,†The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education. vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45–54, Jan. 2015, to be published. DOI: 10.32431/kace.2015.18.1.005.

Harvard University. “CS50: Introduction to Computer Science,†Available: https://pll.harvard.edu/course/cs50-introduction-computer-science?delta=0, Accessed on: Feb. 10, 2022.

Department for Education GOV.UK, “GCE AS and A level computer science,†Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gce-as-and-a-level-for-computer-science, Accessed on: Feb. 15, 2022.

Oxford Cambridge and RSA, "Computer Science - H046, H446," Available: https://www.ocr.org.uk/qualifications/as-and-a-level/computer-science-h046-h446-from-2015/, Accessed on: Feb. 15, 2022.

Information Processing Society of Japan, “Curriculum Standard General Information Processing Education (GE),†Available: https://www.ipsj.or.jp/annai/committee/education/j07/ed_j17-GE.html, Accessed on: Feb. 20, 2022.

M. J. Kim, J. M. Kim and W. G. Lee, “An Analysis of the Current Status of SW-Centered Universities' Informatics Curriculum in Korea based on Japan's Standards for Liberal Arts Informatics Curriculum,†The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education. vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 13–23, Jul. 2021. to be published. DOI: 10.32431/kace.2021.24.4.002.

W. S. Kim, “A Study on the Establishment of Essential Software Courses for Non-majors: Focusing on Soongsil University Computational Thinking Course Opening Process and Operational Evaluation,†Proceedings of Korean Association of General Education Conf., 110–115, Nov. 2017.

H. J. Jeong, “Analysis of Algorithm Thinking based on Basic Software Education Effectiveness for Non-major Students in SW college,†Korean Journal of General Education. vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 175–187, Apr. 2021.

C. C. Shin, “The Effects of Computational Thinking-based Liberal Education on Problem Solving Ability,†The Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering. vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 246–251, Feb. 2021.

M. J. Kim, G. S. Yoo and H. C. Kim, “Development of a Scoring rubric based on Computational Thinking for Evaluating students` Computational Artifacts in Programming course,†The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education. vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1–11, Mar. 2017, to be published. DOI : 10.32431/kace.2017.20.2.001.

Y. O. Song, “Design and Implementation of Reflection-based Coding Education: Case Study of ‘SW and Computational Thinking’ Courses at H University,†The Journal of Educational Technology. vol. 33, No. 3, pp.709–736, Sep. 2017. to be published. DOI : 10.17232/KSET.33.3.709.

J. H. Jung, “A study on basic software education applying a step-by-step blinded programming practice,†The Journal of Digital Convergence. vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 25–33, Mar. 2019. to be published. DOI : 10.14400/JDC.2019.17.3.025.

National Institute of the Korean Language, Standard Korean Dictionary, “Creativity,†Available: https://stdict.korean.go.kr/main/main.do, Accessed on: Feb. 25, 2022.

J. P. Guilford, “The nature of human intelligence,†New York, NY, USA: McGrow-Hill, 1967.

M. S. Basadur, Managing the creative process in organizations. In M. A. Runco, “Problem finding, problem solving, and creativity,†pp.237–268. Norwood, NJ, USA: Ablex, 1994.

A. F, Osborn, Applied imagination, “principles and procedures of creative problem-solving,†3rd revised edition, NY, USA: CEF, 1993

S. H. Park, “Development and Application of Programming Education Model to Enhance Creative Problem Solving Abilities,†M. S. thesis, Dept. Element. Com. Edu., Seoul National Univ., Seoul, Korea, 2016.

A. Y. Kim, “Self-efficacy and academic motivation,†The Korean Journal of Educational Methodology Studies. vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 1–38, Jan. 2004.

J. J. Jeong, “A Factor Analysis of Motivation To Learn Among Korean Elementary School Children,†Korean Journal of Psychological and Social Issues. vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 167–186, Feb. 2008.

K. H. Lee, E. K. Kim and K. H. Lew, “The Relationships of Creativity, Problem Solving Ability and Motivation in College Students,†Korean Society for Creativity Education. Vol. 3, No. 1, pp.125–139, Mar. 2013.

Y. J. Jeon, “The Development and Application of a CT-CPS (Computational Thinking-based Creative Problem Solving) Instructional Model for the Software Education of New Curriculum,†Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Info. Gift. Edu., Korea National Univ., Cheongju, Korea, 2017.

Y. J. Jeon and T. Y. Kim, “The Analysis of Cognitive and Affective Effects on the CT-CPS Instructional Model for the Software Education Class in Middle School,†The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education. vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 47-57, Jul. 2017, to be published. DOI : 10.32431/kace.2017.20.4.005.

Y. J. Jeon and T. Y. Kim, “Analysis of Cognitive and Affective Effects in Elementary School Students` Software Class based on CT-CPS Model,†in Proc. KACE, Seoul, Korea, vol. 21, no. 1, pp25–28, Jan. 2017.

J. H. Koo, Y. J. Jeon and T. Y. Kim, “The Development and Application of Lesson Contents Based on the CT-CPS Framework for Improving the Creative Problem Solving Ability of Elementary Informatics Gifted Students,†Korean Journal of Elementary Education. vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 339–357, Jun. 2016, to be published. DOI : 10.20972/kjee.27.2.201606.339.

M. J. Kim, S. C. Lee and T. Y. Kim, “The Effect of Software Education Including Data Literacy on Computational Thinking and the Creative Problem-Solving Ability of Middle School Students,†Korean Journal of Teacher Education. vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 167–184, Jan. 2021, to be published. DOI : 10.14333/KJTE.2020.37.1.08.

J. T. Kim and T. Y. Kim, “Development of SW Education program based on Living Lab process,†in Proc. KACE, Korea, Aug. 2021, vol. 254, no. 2, pp. 19-21.

Y. R. Lee and T. Y. Kim, “CT-CPS based Informatics and Science Creative Convergence Class Design Using Physical Computing,†in Proc. KACE, Korea, Jan. 2020, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 189–192.

S. J. Hwang and Y. J. Lee, “Education using App Inventor on Informatics Gifted Elementary Students’ Creative Problem Solving Ability and Learning Flow,†M.S. thesis, Dept. Info. Gift. Edu., Korea National Univ., Cheongju, Korea, 2015.

D. R. Kang and N. W. Kwon, “The Effects of Process and Result Oriented Motivation Approach on Motivation for Learning and Academic Achievements,†M.S. thesis, Dept. Element. Edu. Eng., Seoul National Univ., Cheongju, Korea, 1996.

J. Hwang et al., “SW education entry & hamster that develops computational thinking ability,†Hanbit academy, Seoul, Korea, 2016, pp. 251–252.

Best easy word cloud generator, “Create a word cloudâ€, Available: https://wordc.net/, Accessed on: Feb. 25, 2022.